Tulisan 3 - Quoted Speech & Reported Speech

Nama             :           Indah Restu Anjani

NPM              :           13211571

Kelas              :           1EA19

Mat-Kul         :           Softskill – Bahasa Inggris

Quoted Speech and Reported Speech

Katakanlah Anda dan teman Anda, Milly, makan malam di restoran pada Sabtu malam. Milly memberitahu Anda semua tentang pacarnya yang bernama Jasson. Dia memberitahu Anda apa yang Jasson katakan kepadanya pada hari  Jumat. Dia bisa mengatakan itu dalam dua cara.

Cara pertama disebut "Quoted Speech." Quoted Speech itu PERSIS apa yang dikatakan oleh orang tersebut. Berikut ini sebuah contoh:

Jasson said, “I need to take a taxi.”

Menurut kalimat di atas, Jasson mengatakan sama PERSIS seperti kata-kata tersebut.

Cara lain untuk mengulangi apa yang dikatakan seseorang disebut "Reported Speech." 

Reported Speech TIDAK PERSIS apa yang orang itu katakan. Hal ini seperti ringkasan atau parafrase dari apa yang pembicara itu katakan. Perhatikan contoh berikut:

Jasson said that he needed to take a taxi.

Ini TIDAK PERSIS apa yang dikatakan oleh Jasson.

Berikut ini adalah contoh lain:

Quoted Speech (EXACT)	Reported Speech (NOT EXACT)
Jasson said, "I love eating chocolate ice cream after dinner."	Jasson said that he loved eating chocolate ice cream after dinner.

Kenapa QUOTED SPEECH & REPORTED SPEECH berbeda ? Ada 5 hal yang berbeda:

QUOTED SPEECH memiliki tanda kutip, sedangkan REPORTED SPEECH tidak menggunakan tanda kutip.

Dalam REPORTED SPEECH , kata ganti sering berubah. Misalnya, dalam kalimat di atas dengan QUOTED SPEECH kata ganti “I” yang digunakan, sedangkan kalimat dengan REPORTED SPEECH menggunakan kata ganti “He”.

Dalam REPORTED SPEECH, kata yang sering digunakan setelah diucapkan, tapi itu adalah pilihan.

QUOTED SPEECH adalah apa yang memang orang itu katakan.

Kata kerja dalam REPORTED SPEECH diubah ke masa lalu, beberapa verba modal tidak berubah. Ada aturan untuk mengikuti ketika mengubah kata kerja. Silahkan lihat tabel di bawah ini :

Quoted Speech (EXACT)	Reported Speech (NOT EXACT)
Michele said, "I cook rice every day."	Michele said that she cooked rice every day.
Michele said, "I am cooking rice."	Michele said that she was cooking rice.
Michele said, "I cooked rice."	Michele said that she had cooked rice.	Note: The past tenses all use had + past participle.
Michele said, "I have cooked rice."	Michele said that she had cooked rice.
Michele said, "I had cooked rice."	Michele said that she had cooked rice.
Michele said, "I will cook rice."	Michele said that she would cook rice.
Michele said, "I am going to cook rice."	Michele said that she was going to cook rice.
Michele said, "I can cookrice."	Michele said that she could  cook rice.
Michele said, "I may cook rice."	Michele said that she might cook rice.
Michele said, "I must cook rice."	Michele said that she had to cook rice.
Michele said, "I have to cook rice."	Michele said that she had to cook rice.
Michele said, "I should cook rice."	Michele said that she should cook rice.	Note: These modals do not change when used in reported speech.
Michele said, "I ought to cook rice."	Michele said that she ought to cook rice.
Michele said, "I might cook rice."	Michele said that she might cook rice.
Michele says, "I cook rice every day."	Michele says that she cooks rice every day."	Note: When you use the words say, has said, orwill say (not said), the verb tense remains the same for both the quoted speech and reported speech.
Michele has said, "I cook rice every day."	Michele has said that she cooks rice every day."
Michele will say, "I cook rice every day."	Michele will say that she cooks rice every day."
Michele said, "Cook rice."	Michele told me to cook rice.	Note: For commands, use the word told instead of said, and use an infinitivefor the main verb.

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